All sets: same mean for x and y, same cross-correlation, same linear regression line Graphics reveal the details of your data Graphics reveal the details of your data The outlier is not visible in either of the single variable distributions Summarize many dimensions of data Napoleon’s Army: size, route and outside temperature against time 3D effects distort your data Edward Tufte, “The Visual Display of Quantitative Information”, Graphics Press 1983 3D effects distort your data Consider the “Lie Factor” Area of a circle: perceived = actual(0.8±0.3) Lie Factor = perceived sizeactual size Consider the “Lie Factor” BBC News Consider the “Lie Factor” Duty is actually more than 50% of the total cost Consider the data density Taken from: Edward Tufte, “The Visual Display of Quantitative Information”, Graphics Press 1983 Original graph: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management
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